Biological Virus Concept Classification and Applications
A virus is a small, simple structure that contains only one
type of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA). It must be parasitic in living cells and
multiply by replication.
A virus is a non-cellular life form. It consists of a long
chain of nucleic acids and a protein shell. The virus has no own metabolic
mechanism and no enzyme system. Therefore, the virus leaves the host cell and
becomes a chemical substance that has no life activity and cannot reproduce on
its own. Its replication, transcription, and translation capabilities are
performed in the host cell. When it enters the host cell, it can use the
material and energy in the cell to complete life activities and generate according
to the genetic information contained in its own nucleic acid. A new generation
of viruses like it.
Definition: Unique
infectious agent
Features: Autonomous
replication
Including: Viruses,
Viroids and Virions
Living conditions:
Living host cell
Propagation mode:
Infection
Application:
Vaccine, Cell Engineering, Genetic Engineering
Table of Content
1. Concept Introduction
2. Virus Classification
3. Virus Applications
4. Virus Concepts
Conceptual introduction to Viruses
A narrowly defined biological virus is a unique infectious
agent. It is a tiny living body that can use host cells' nutrients to replicate
its own DNA, RNA, and proteins, and other life components. Viruses in a broad
sense are much more complicated, including pseudoviruses, viroids, and virions.
Among them, the pseudoviruses and viroids are only a simple ssRNA strand.
Virion is a protein molecule similar to an enzyme. Therefore, it is difficult
for biological viruses to have a definite and clear definition.
Biological viruses, whether they are virulent phages or mild
phages, must be reproduced and reproduced in living host cells, using the host
cell's nucleotides and amino acids to synthesize some components of themselves
to assemble the next generation of individuals. And achieve their purpose.
HIV
The replicated biological virus lyses host cells and is
released, infecting new host cells.
Although biological viruses will bring certain benefits to
humans, for example, phage can be used to treat some bacterial infections;
insect viruses can be used to treat and prevent some agricultural diseases and
insect pests, but they are very harmful, such as HIV, rabies, etc.
Danger of
life: influenza virus, hepatitis virus, etc. will cause disease. TMV, potato Y
virus will cause property damage to people.
A virus is a tiny organism that can spread and infect other
organisms (in fact, because the virus itself cannot perform metabolism, it
cannot be said that the virus is an organism to some extent). "Virus"
is sometimes used to describe organisms that spread and infect eukaryotes;
"phage" or "phagosomes" are used to describe organisms that
spread between prokaryotes. The origin of the virus is not very clear.
What is the basic structure of virus?
The protein coat of a virus is called a capsid, and the
genetic material is mostly RNA or DNA. Capsids and nucleic acids
The molecules are collectively referred to as the
nucleocapsid. But taking HIV as an example, the surface of the virus is also
surrounded by a cell membrane-like membrane and spike structures, which
together with the capsid determine the specificity of the virus. There are also
some enzymes: such as reverse transcriptase.
What is the Classification of Viruses?
Viruses are not only divided into plant viruses, animal
viruses, and bacterial viruses. It is also structurally divided into:
single-stranded RNA virus, double-stranded RNA virus, single-stranded DNA virus
and double-stranded DNA virus
The life process of the virus is roughly divided into five
steps: adsorption, injection (genetic material), synthesis (reverse
transcription / integration into host cell DNA), assembly (using host cell
transcription of RNA, translation of protein for reassembly), and release.
Because the virus will shorten the distance between cells, it
is easy for cells to fuse together to form multinucleated cells, and then lyse.
Virus application
1. Inactivate virus to make vaccine
2. As a carrier in genetic engineering
3. Induction for cell fusion in cell engineering (inactivated
virus)
Viral incubation period: Viral genes are replicated as host
cells replicate and are not expressed. At this time, the number of viruses in
the cell does not increase significantly.
What is the concept of Virus?
A virus is a special organism without a cellular structure.
Their structure is very simple, consisting of a protein shell and genetic
material inside. The virus cannot survive independently, and must live in the
cells of other organisms. Once it leaves the living cell shell, it does not
show any signs of life activity.
The individual virus is extremely small, and most of them can
only be seen under an electron microscope.
What does Japan think of Viruses?
Both adapted
from real events. The virus is a natural enemy of human beings, which seems to
be the consensus of all people. In the face of Ebola, taking precautions is the
best defense available to mankind. This may also be one of the reasons why
Japan is eager to introduce a deadly virus. During the Olympic Games, the
population moved frequently. Once the virus spreads, the consequences will be
disastrous.
The largest outbreak in 27 years: How terrible is American anti-science?
This disrespect
for science is likely to leave children unprotected when an infectious disease
strikes. Vaccines are recognized by the scientific community around the world
as the most effective immunization against infectious diseases.
Ebola-how does the most powerful virus on earth peep at humans in the dark?
The ultimate
owners of those viruses are probably not bats or monkeys, but the Earth itself.
All creatures on the earth have their own wisdom, and although they are silent,
they must be well-versed. Sooner or later, human beings must learn that even
the highest animals on the earth should not easily violate the forbidden areas
of nature.
Flu is raging, is it useful to get a flu shot?
Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused
by influenza virus. Influenza vaccination is the most effective way to prevent
influenza and its complications.
SMEs focus on technology stories
Every day, 800 million viruses land on each square of land,
and they change the human genome.
We know that a large number of various viruses are floating in our air, so what is the chance of our contact with the virus?
A recent study explored this for the first time: Every day, hundreds of millions of viruses fall on every square meter of land. However, when you feel scalp tingling, you should also know about the following things: In addition to the disease epidemic, the virus has affected human evolution and the entire ecosystem.Author's Bio
 |
| Dr. Shawna Reason |
Education: MBBS, MD
Occupation: Medical Doctor / Virologist
Specialization: Medical Science, Micro Biology / Virology, Natural Treatment
Experience: 15 Years as a Medical Practitioner
About Me | Linkedin | Quora Profile | Medium Profile | Twitter
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