Coxsackie Virus Causes Diagnosis Treatment and Prevention

Causes Diagnosis Treatment and Prevention of Coxsackie virus

Coxsackie virus is an enterovirus that is divided into 2 types, A and B. It usually spreads or spreads in summer and autumn. It is transmitted through the digestive tract, the respiratory tract, and through the bloodstream to the fetus. The virus begins to replicate in the intestinal and upper respiratory tract endothelial cells and lymphoid tissues and is transmitted by blood. Its target organs are the central nervous system, heart, vascular endothelial cells, liver, pancreas, lung, reproductive organs, skeletal muscle, skin and mucous membranes.

English name:    Coxsackie virus infection

Visiting department:    Internal medicine

Multiple groups:    Coxsackievirus A mainly affects children

Common disease:    The main target organs are meninges, heart, skin, muscles, etc.

Common locations:    The main target organs are meninges, heart, skin, muscles, etc.

Common causes:    Coxsackie virus

Common symptoms:    Runny nose, cough, sore throat, fever, rash, general malaise

Way for spreading:    Feces → mouth is the main route of transmission, and can also be transmitted through the respiratory tract

Expert interpretation:    Hand, foot and mouth disease and herpetic angina

Hand, foot and mouth disease and herpes angina are caused by enteroviruses, both are self-limiting diseases, and there is no specific treatment.

Table of Content

1.      Cause
2.      Clinical manifestations
3.      Inspection
4.      Diagnosis
5.      Treatment
6.      Prevention

What are the Causes of Coxsackie virus?

Coxsackie virus infects humans through faecal-oral respiratory infections, and further forms viremia. 

Any organ in the body can be affected. The main target organs are meninges, heart, skin and muscles.

Clinical manifestation

1. Coxsackie virus A infection

The incubation period is 1 to 3 days. The upper respiratory tract infection is acute, and the patient has runny nose, cough, sore throat, fever, and general discomfort. 

The typical symptoms are herpetic angina, that is, small herpes in the nasopharynx, epiglottis, tongue and soft palate, reddening and swelling of mucous membranes, hyperplasia and exudation of lymphatic follicles, tonsil enlargement, difficulty swallowing and decreased appetite. 

The rash can be herpes and maculopapular rash, which is mainly distributed on the peripheral side of the trunk, the back, and the back of the extremities. It has a centrifugal distribution. 

It is especially common on the face, fingers, toes and back, so it is called triad of hands, feet and mouth.

 Coxsackievirus A is common in children.

In addition to the above clinical manifestations, the main features are acute fever and rash.

 Meningoencephalitis is accompanied by Guillain-Barré syndrome and acute viral cardiomyopathy.

 

2. Coxsackievirus B infection

Causes characteristic infectious thoracic rib pain, so-called Bornholm, s disease. 

It may be combined with meningoencephalitis, myocarditis, fever, hepatitis, hemolytic anemia and pneumonia.

What is the Diagnosis for Coxsackie virus?

Serological examination

Only serotypes after:

•  When used for seroepidemiological investigation of a specific serotype.
•  It has been found that characteristic clinical manifestations, such as epidemic chest pain, clearly indicate that certain specific antigens (such as group B virus) are used to detect antibodies. Or that hand, foot, and oral diseases are usually caused by Coxsackie A16 virus.
•  The virus has been isolated as the serotype.
•  When an epidemic is caused by a single serotype virus.
• Of all the serological tests, the neutralization test is the most specific method for identifying serotypes of isolated viruses.

2. peripheral blood

Shows that the total number of white blood cells is normal or slightly increased.

3. Virus isolation method

This method is the main method of diagnosis. The advantages are savings, speed and accuracy.

What is the Diagnosis for Coxsackie virus?

1. History, symptoms (herpetic angina and infectious chest pain), signs.

2. Isolation and culture of virus, Koch virus is cultured in nasopharyngeal secretions, stool and blood.

3. Serological examination: It should be compared at the time of onset and 2 weeks, and the diagnosis can be confirmed if the antibody titer of the complement binding test is increased by 4 times. 

Immunofluorescent antibody tests can also help with diagnosis.

What is the Treatment for Coxsackie virus?

At present, there are no specific antiviral drugs, mainly symptomatic treatment.

What is the prevention for Coxsackie virus?

To strengthen prevention and isolation, especially in the summer, air disinfection of wards should be strengthened, and occult infections of medical staff should be actively treated. 

Pregnant women infected during the first trimester should be examined systematically to rule out fetal malformations. 

No effective vaccine is currently available.

Author's Bio

Dr. Shawna Reason

Name: Shawna Reason

Education: MBBS, MD

Occupation: Medical Doctor / Virologist 

Specialization: Medical Science, Micro Biology / Virology, Natural Treatment

Experience: 15 Years as a Medical Practitioner

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