AIDS the syndrome of acquired immunodeficiency
The term "AIDS" (Acquired Immunodeficiency
Syndrome) refers to a serious infectious disease brought on by HIV infection
(HIV virus). The immune system of the body can be attacked by the HIV virus. It
attacks the most crucial CD4T lymphocytes in the human immune system,
decimating a sizable portion of these cells and rendering the organism
immuno-deficient as a result. As a result, the mortality rate is high and the
human body is vulnerable to a wide range of diseases. The typical time that HIV
spends incubating in a human body is 8-9 years. Before AIDS, people might
function normally for many years without experiencing any symptoms.
What causes AIDS to cough?
Name in English: AIDS
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome is known as in English.
A visit to the infectious diseases department
A number of groups: young people
Typical causes: HIV infection is the cause
Common signs include a persistent fever, weakness, nocturnal
sweats, and enlarged lymph nodes all over the body.
Contagious: Definitely
The cause of AIDS
The illness was given the name AIDS in 1982. After that, AIDS
rapidly spread across all continents.
Those with HIV will eventually develop into AIDS patients after an incubation period of several years, or potentially ten years or more.
Various infections including shingles, oral mould infections,
TB, and other particular enteritis, pneumonia, encephalitis, and serious
infections from different pathogens like Candida, pneumocystis, etc. are all
caused by the body's dramatic reduction in resistance.
Malignant tumours frequently develop in the later stages,
along with long-term consumption and systemic failure, which can result in
death.
There is currently no viable treatment for AIDS and no effective vaccine to prevent it, despite the enormous efforts of several medical researchers worldwide.
In China and India, AIDS has been classified as a Class B
legal infectious disease and is one of the infectious diseases under
surveillance for border health.
What are the AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) (Clinical Manifestation) Symptoms?
The age of onset for 80% of cases, between 18 and 45 years
old, corresponds to the age range with the most active sexual activity and
accounts for the majority of cases among young adults.
They frequently have unusual illnesses such pneumocystis
pneumonia, toxoplasmosis, atypical mycobacteria, and fungal infections after
contracting AIDS.
The first few years to over ten years following HIV infection
are free of any clinical symptoms.
Patients who get AIDS may have a variety of clinical symptoms.
Common cold and flu-like symptoms, such as generalised weariness, appetite loss, fever, etc., are usually present at first.
Day by day, the disease's symptoms worsen, including white
candida infections of the skin and mucous membranes, herpes simplex, banded
herpes, purple spots, blood blisters, congested spots, etc.
Internal organs are later gradually invaded, and a persistent, unknown-cause fever lasts for up to 3 to 4 months.
Coughing, shortness of breath, breathing difficulties, chronic diarrhoea, bloody stools, liver and splenomegaly, aggravated by malignant tumours, etc. are possible symptoms.
Although clinical symptoms might vary and are complex, not
every patient will experience them.
Breathing problems, chest pain, coughing, etc. frequently follow a lung invasion.
In addition to causing prolonged diarrhoea, abdominal pain,
weight loss, and other symptoms, gastrointestinal problems can also affect the
nervous and cardiovascular systems.
1. What are the AIDS-related symptoms in general?
Prolonged severe systemic lymphadenopathy, a persistent
fever, fatigue, and nocturnal sweats.
Particularly noticeable are the swollen lymph nodes in the
neck, armpits, and groyne.
The lymph nodes are hard, mobile, and painless, with a
diameter of greater than 1 cm.
Within three months, the weight loss might drop by up to 40%
and reach more than 10%. The patient's weight reduction is particularly
evident.
2. What respiratory signs and symptoms does AIDS have?
Chest pain, breathing difficulties, a persistent cough, and,
in more serious cases, bloody sputum.
3. What are the AIDS-related gastrointestinal symptoms?
Nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, anorexia, appetite loss, and, in
more serious cases, blood in the stool
This type of diarrhoea is not responsive to the medications
frequently prescribed to treat digestive system illnesses.
4. What are the AIDS-related neurological symptoms?
Dizziness, headaches, sluggishness of movement, dementia,
mental retardation, convulsions, and other mental illnesses are some examples.
5. Mucosal and skin damage
shingles, mouth and throat mucous membrane inflammation and
ulceration, herpes simplex
6. Tumors
What AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Tests are Available?
1. Body immune system assessment
Specifically, peripheral blood cells, CD4 200/l, CD4 / CD8
1.0, and the depletion of CD4 + T lymphocytes are to blame (1.25 - 2.1 for
normal people).
A delayed allergy skin test came out negative.
Additionally, the response to mitogen stimulation is weak.
Activity of NK cells is decreased.
Pathogen Inspection
2. Pathogen Examination
3. Tests for HIV antibodies
The first three of these are frequently used in screening
tests, while the last two are typically used in confirmation tests. Other
examples include the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, gelatin particle
agglutination test, immunofluorescence detection method, immunoblotting
detection method, and radioimmunoprecipitation method.
4. PCR technology to detect HIV virus
What is the AIDS, or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, diagnosis?
1. Acute phase
Diagnostic standards: The diagnosis can be made using both
laboratory tests of HIV antibodies moving from negative to positive or just
laboratory testing of HIV antibodies changing from negative to positive if the
patient has an epidemiological history and impending clinical signs.
At the initial screening test six weeks after infection, over 80% of HIV-infected individuals can show antibodies, and after 12 weeks, almost 100% of HIV-infected individuals can show antibodies.
2. The asymptomatic phase
Having an epidemiological history, diagnosing as HIV antibody
positive, or only using a laboratory test to determine HIV antibody positivity
are all acceptable diagnostic criteria.
3. AIDS period
1. A prolonged, unexplained, irregular fever that is above 38
°C.
2. More than three times a day, for more than a month, people
have chronic diarrhoea.
3. A weight decrease of over 10% in just six months.
4. Repeated oral Candida albicans infection.5. Herpes simplex or herpes zoster infections that recur
often.
6. Pneumonia due to pneumocystis (PCP).
7. Recurrent pneumonia caused by bacteria.
8. Non-tuberculous mycobacterial disease or active
tuberculosis
9. Serious fungus infection
10. Central nervous system lesions that take up a lot of
room.
11. Young and middle-aged persons who get dementia.
12. A CMV infection that is active.
13. Encephalitis caused by toxoplasma.
14. Infection with penicillium.
15. Sepsis that comes back.
16. Internal organ, skin, or mucous membrane Kaposi's sarcoma
and lymphomas.
What is the AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Treatment?
Worldwide, there are currently few effective medications
available to treat HIV infection.
At this point, the treatment's objectives are to: • Decrease
viral load as much as possible and permanently.
• To restore and preserve immunological functionality.
• Enhance the quality of life.
• To lower mortality and morbidity associated with HIV.
The focus of this disease's treatment is on comprehensive care, which includes:
1. General therapy
2. antiviral medication
3. Immune system restoration or enhancement therapy
4. Care for cancerous tumours and opportunistic infections
1. How is AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) generally treated?
Patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or
HIV do not require isolation therapy.
People with asymptomatic HIV infection can nonetheless carry
on with their regular lives and jobs.
A specific antiviral regimen should be followed, and any changes
in the condition should be constantly watched.
Patients who have pre-AIDS or who have already got AIDS
should be given a high-calorie, multivitamin diet and should be given attention
to rest in accordance with their condition.
Intravenous fluids should be given as a supplement to those
who are unable to eat.
To maintain hydration and electrolyte balance, strengthen
supportive therapies such blood transfusions and nutritional support therapies.
2. What is AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Antiviral Therapy?
Prevention of AIDS
The most crucial thing is to take precautions because there
is no effective vaccine against AIDS.
The technique is:
1. Continue to practise self-love and cleaning rather than
prostitution, and steer clear of risky sexual behaviour.
2. It is strictly banned to use drugs, and syringes should
never be shared.
3. Only utilise blood products with a doctor's permission and
only transfuse or use them as directed.
4. Personal products like toothbrushes, razors, shavers, etc.
should not be borrowed or shared.
5. The use of condoms is one of the most effective measures to prevent sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS in sex life.
6. Cut off the transmission of AIDS by avoiding direct
contact with the blood, sperm, and breast milk of those who have it.
Fresh strain
This novel strain was determined to have a L subtype
according to a study that was published in the American Journal of AIDS.
The majority of HIV strains infected people worldwide are of
the HIV-1 type, with the M group being the most prevalent.
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| Dr. Shawna Reason |
Education: MBBS, MD
Occupation: Medical Doctor / Virologist
Specialization: Medical Science, Micro Biology / Virology, Natural Treatment
Experience: 15 Years as a Medical Practitioner
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